use ADPCM or 32K bits per channel instead of standard 64Kbps PCM encoding. Due to lower sampling rate and fewer bits per sample more quantization noise is generated by the analog-to-digital/digital-to-analog conversions in these systems, thus reducing the Signal to Noise Ration (SNR) limiting speed. 19.2Kbps to 26.4Kbps (ITU-T V.34 protocol) Speed in this range generally indicates a bandwidth limited channel. Some older carrier systems and some digital system that packetize
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